90 Years of Aviator Sunglasses: From Military Innovation to Timeless Style

It started with a problem. In the early 1930s, military pilots flying at high altitudes were battling more than just enemy planes—they were fighting the blinding glare of the sun. To solve this, American Optical (AO) introduced the D-1 aviator sunglasses in 1935—the first-ever sunglasses designed specifically for pilots. With large, teardrop-shaped lenses, a lightweight wire frame, and superior glare protection, the D-1 became an essential piece of military gear, laying the foundation for what would become the iconic aviator sunglasses style.

The D-1: The First Aviator Sunglasses

The D-1 aviator sunglasses marked a major leap forward in both military eyewear and sunglass design. Developed by American Optical in collaboration with the U.S. military, the D-1 featured a teardrop-shaped lens engineered to offer maximum coverage and reduce peripheral glare. The green-tinted lenses improved contrast and reduced eye strain, giving pilots clearer vision in bright, high-altitude conditions.

What made the original D-1 aviator sunglasses revolutionary:

• Teardrop-shaped lenses engineered for maximum coverage and glare reduction

• Green-tinted lenses that improved contrast in high-altitude conditions

• Lightweight metal frame design for comfort with military headgear

• Functional style that would influence eyewear design for decades

The lightweight metal frame provided durability without adding unnecessary weight—critical for pilots wearing headgear and oxygen masks. With its functional yet stylish design, the D-1 not only became a staple for military pilots but also laid the groundwork for the modern aviator sunglasses silhouette we recognize today.

The AN6531: Refining Military Sunglasses

As aviation technology advanced, so did the need for improved eyewear. During World War II, the U.S. military introduced the AN6531 military sunglasses, an upgraded aviator model worn by both Army Air Corps and Navy pilots. These military sunglasses featured green-tinted lenses that reduced glare and enhanced contrast, helping pilots navigate through intense sunlight.

AO was a major supplier of the AN6531 sunglasses, which became standard issue for military pilots, solidifying the aviator silhouette as a symbol of courage, precision, and adventure.

Capture the inspired heritage with our Hazemaster sunglasses, where history and performance come together in perfect balance.

From the AN6531 to the Flight Goggle 58 Aviator Sunglasses

By the late 1950s, the AN6531 design evolved into the Flight Goggle 58 (FG-58), featuring improved lens technology and a more durable frame. 

Key innovations of the Flight Goggle 58 Aviators:

• More rectangular lens shape designed to work with flight helmets

• Bayonet temples specifically crafted to fit under military headgear

• Streamlined design compatible with oxygen masks

• Enhanced durability for demanding aviation environments

The FG-58’s frame introduced a more rectangular lens shape, designed to ensure the visor of a flight helmet could reliably clear the aviator's spectacles when worn with a flight helmet, while also covering the full field of vision. The style also featured bayonet temples, specifically crafted to slip comfortably under flight helmets or other headgear, with a streamlined design that made it more compatible with oxygen masks.

Together, these features made the FG-58, now known as the Original Pilot, the go-to eyewear for U.S. military pilots and NASA astronauts.

AO’s Giant Leap: The First Aviator Sunglasses on the Moon

Take a look and Michael Collins's historic pair, donated to the Smithsonian:

AO’s moon-landing sunglasses became an enduring symbol of pioneering spirit and technological innovation—a legacy that continues to define American Optical today.

Step into aviation history with our iconic Original Pilot sunglasses, the direct descendant of the legendary FG-58 that redefined aviator eyewear standards.

Aviator Sunglasses Today: From Pilot Essential to Style Icon

Fast forward 90 years, and aviator sunglasses remain a cornerstone of timeless style. While they’ve evolved in form and function, their bold spirit and adventurous edge remain. American Optical’s modern aviator lineup pays homage to this history, offering designs that balance heritage craftsmanship with contemporary flair.

American Optical's modern aviator sunglasses collection:

• Original Pilot: The legend itself. Still crafted to military-grade standards, the Original Pilot sunglasses offer the same durability and precision as the pair that traveled to the moon.

  
  

• Fletcher: A modernized aviator sunglass with a bold, square profile, perfect for those who appreciate vintage inspiration with a contemporary twist.

  
  

• Flynn: Edgy and angular, the Flynn reinvents the aviator style with sharper lines and a commanding presence.

• Racer: Designed for speed, the Racer offers a sleek, streamlined silhouette with lightweight comfort—ideal for life on the move.

• Airman: Inspired by early military sunglasses, the Airman embraces a classic pilot look, blending nostalgia with modern performance.

• Margot: A softer take on the style that’s still every bit as durable.

A Legacy That Endures

For 90 years, American Optical aviator sunglasses have defined adventure, rebellion, and style. From their utilitarian beginnings with the D-1 and AN6531 military sunglasses to their celestial journey with Apollo 11, they’ve transcended their functional roots to become a cultural icon.

Today, American Optical continues to carry that legacy forward. Whether you’re chasing new horizons or simply embracing everyday adventure, AO’s aviator sunglasses offer a chance to wear a piece of history—and look damn good doing it.

For help choosing the right aviator sunglasses for you, don’t hesitate to reach out to our care team for personalized recommendations.

Explore Our Complete Aviator Collection →